Genetic Distance Results

The results in the table below were taken directly from the FTDNA individual reports of genetic distances to other members of this project.  There are complicated formulas for calculating the genetic distance for different Allele values which FTDNA uses for these calculations.  The methodology and formulas are explained on their web site under the heading “Translating the observed difference in allele sizes into an estimate of the actual number of underlying mutation”.   FTDNA makes this calculation and reports the resulting genetic distance when it reports genetic distances to each project member. Below the table are FTDNA guidelines for translating the genetic distance numbers into the “Relatedness” of the two individuals.
Genetic Distance Results based on the 25 Marker Test
Kit




 Haplo-
group



 1
6
4
1
5		 2
0
2
0
9		 2
0
5
5
2		 1
3
8
7
4		 1
8
9
8
4		 2
5
0
6
8		 2
2
9
9
0		 1
4
5
7
6
2
1
5
5
5
 2
2
8
7
3		 1
1
2
0
8		 1
2
3
5
2		 2
5
3
5
8		 2
1
8
3
3		 1
3
9
7
3		 1
3
5
8
1		 2
5
0
8
2		 1
1
6
9
7		 1
3
9
7
4		 2
0
1
9
4		 5
4
0
0

 1
3
9
7
0		 1
3
9
7
1		 5
4
0
1
16415 A
 
27
27
31
30
30
31
35
36
37
37
38
38
38
35
36
 37
41
43
43
36
36
36
36
20209 E3b
27
 
0
26
27
27
28
29
26
30
26
29
29
29
27
27
 26
30
32
32
27
27
27
27
20552 E3b
27
0
 
 
27
27
28
29
26
30
26
29
29
29
27
27
 26
30
32
32
27
27
27
27
13874 R1a
31
26
26
 
1
1
2
23
22
22
23
19
19
19
21
19
 20
24
26
24
19
19
19
19
18984 R1a
30
27
27
1
 
0
1
24
23
23
24
20
20
20
22
20
21
25
27
25
20
20
20
20
25068 R1a
30
27
27
1
0
 
1
24
23
23
24
20
20
20
22
20
21
25
27
25
20
20
20
20
22990 R1a
36
26
28
2
1
1
 
25
24
24
25
21
21
21
23
21
22
26
28
26
21
21
21
21
14576 R1b
35
29
29
23
24
24
25
 
8
13
9
14
14
14
13
10
 11
19
15
15
16
16
16
16
21555 R1b
36
26
26
22
23
23
24
8
 
10
7
10
10
10
9
5
6
13
11
11
11
11
11
11
22873 R1b
37
30
30
22
23
23
24
13
10
 
10
8
8
8
9
7
6
13
11
11
11
11
11
11
11208 R1b
37
26
26
23
24
24
25
9
7
10
 
7
7
7
6
5
6
12
10
10
9
9
9
9
12352 R1b
38
29
29
19
20
20
21
14
10
8
7
 
0 
0
6
5
6
11
9
9
7
7
7
7
25358 R1b
38
29
29
19
20
20
21
14
10
8
7
0
 
0
6
5
6
11
9
9
7
7
7
7
21833 R1b
38
29
29
19
20
20
21
14
10
8
7
0
0
 
6
5
 6
11
9
9
7
7
7
7
13973 R1b
35
27
27
21
22
22
23
13
9
9
6
6
6
6
 
4
 5
11
9
9
6
6
6
6
13581 R1b
36
27
27
19
20
20
21
10
5
7
5
5
5
5
4
 
1
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
25082 R1b
37
26
26
20
21
21
22
11
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
1
 
9
7
7
7
7
7
7
11697 R1b
41
30
30
24
25
25
26
19
13
13
12
11
11
11
11
10
 9
 
6
6
14
14
14
14
13974 R1b
43
32
32
26
27
27
28
15
11
11
10
9
9
9
9
8
7
6
 
2
12
12
12
12
20194 R1b
43
32
32
24
25
25
26
15
11
11
10
9
9
9
9
8
7
6
2
 
10
10
10
10
5400 R1b
36
27
27
19
20
20
21
16
11
11
9
7
7
7
6
6
7
14
12
10
 
0
0
0
13970 R1b
36
27
27
19
20
20
21
16
11
11
9
7
7
7
6
6
7
14
12
10
0
 
0
0
13971 R1b
36
27
27
19
20
20
21
16
11
11
9
7
7
7
6
6
7
14
12
10
0
0
 
0
5401 R1b
36
27
27
19
20
20
21
16
11
11
9
7
7
7
6
6
7
14
12
10
0
0
0
 
Probability of Relatedness based on 25 Marker Test*

Distance

Relatedness

Explanation

0

Related

A perfect 25/25 match indicates that you share a common male ancestor with a person who shares your surname (or variant). These two facts demonstrate your relatedness.

1

Related

You share the same surname (or a variant) with another male and you mismatch by only one 'point' on only one marker. For most closely related and same surnamed individuals, the mismatch markers are usually either DYS 439 or DYS 385 A, 385 B,389-1 and 389-2 from our first panel of 12 markers, and on the following from the second panel: DYS #'s 458 459 a 459b 449, 464 a-d, which have shown themselves to move most rapidly. The probability of a close relationship is very high.

2

Probably Related

You share the same surname (or a variant) with another male and you mismatch by two 'point' on on from the 25 markers we tested. For most closely related and same surnamed individuals, the mismatch markers are usually either DYS 439 or DYS 385 A, 385 B,389-1 and 389-2 from our first panel of 12 markers, and on the following from the second panel: DYS #'s 458 459 a 459b 449, 464 a-d, which have shown themselves to move most rapidly. The probability of a close relationship is good, however your results show mutations, and therefore more time between you and the other same surnamed person.

3

Probably Not Related

You share the same surname (or a variant) but are off by 3 'points' or 3 locations on the 25 markers tested. If enough time has passed it is possible that you and another distantly related family members' line each have had a mutation, or perhaps 2. The only way to prove that is to test additional family lines and find where the mutation took place. Expressed another way, assume your score puts you at 3 on the clock. Assume the person 3 from you is at the 9 position. Only by further testing can you find the person in between each of you...this in 'betweener' becomes essential for you to find, and in their absence the possibility of a match exists, but further evidence should be pursued.

4

Not Related

21/25 is too far off to be considered related. Unlikely but vaguely possible that the rule for ONLY Possible related applies. It is important to determine what set of result most typifies 'most' members of the group you are 'close' to matching. You may be 21/25 with an individual, but 23/25 with the center (most common) of the group, and your potential relatedness to him is through the center of the group.

5

Not Related

20/25 You are not related and the odds greatly favor that you have not shared a common male ancestor with this person in excess of 2,000 years

6

Not Related

19/25 You are not related and the odds greatly favor that you have not shared a common male ancestor with this person in excess of 5,000 years

>6
Not Related
 You are totally unrelated to this person.
*The above explanation courtsey of Family Tree DNA. http://www.familytreedna.com/GDRules_25.html
This page was last updated:
8 Nov 2004
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